The main objective of this study was to assess Teachers self-efficacy and competence in test construction in Secondary Schools of two Administrative Towns of Guji Zone. In this study, cross sectional survey design was used. General teacher competence scale which has 21 items, sense of self-efficacy scale which has 12 items, guide line of test construction, bloom taxonomy level of knowledge and verbs usage in test construction were the instruments used for this study. The data were collected from 112 teachers by using questionnaires while observational checklist was also done by the researcher to cross check the obtained data through questionnaires.Positivism paradigm and quantitative research method was used. Probability sampling technique, stratified sampling and online random number generator table was applied to select participants.Pearson product correlation coefficient revealed there was moderate positive statistically significant relationship between teachers' self-efficacy and test construction(r=.389), while there was weak, positive and statistically not significant relationship between teachers' competence and test construction(r=.14).