The book examines the attitudes and behaviour of the residents of the Kalinin region in 1939-1942. This period is important and interesting for the researcher because it was at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War that all, including the deeply hidden, moods and feelings became extremely exposed, and there was much spontaneity and unpredictability in the actions of people. Using the example of one region, which fully experienced the ordeal that befell the country - prewar repressions, partial occupation, retreat of the Red Army, evacuation, moral mobilization - the author reveals motives for behavior, shows the variety of moods and behavioral reactions of Soviet citizens, reproduces vivid episodes from the daily life of Kalinin. The work is based on a wide range of historical sources, including unique data from previously classified archival documents, and is addressed to historians, as well as to all those interested in the history of World War IIpThe book examines the attitudes and behaviour of the residents of the Kalinin region in 1939-1942. This period is important and interesting for the researcher because it was at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War that all, including the deeply hidden, moods and feelings became extremely exposed, and there was much spontaneity and unpredictability in the actions of people. Using the example of one region, which fully experienced the ordeal that befell the country - prewar repressions, partial occupation, retreat of the Red Army, evacuation, moral mobilization - the author reveals motives for behavior, shows the variety of moods and behavioral reactions of Soviet citizens, reproduces vivid episodes from the daily life of Kalinin. The work is based on a wide range of historical sources, including unique data from previously classified archival documents, and is addressed to historians, as well as to all those interested in the history of World War II/p