Periodontal diseases are bacterial infections characterized by inflammation and destruction of the attachment apparatus, often leading to tooth loss. Therapeutic approaches for the periodontal diseases must include the modalities that will target the microorganisms as well as modulate the destructive host response. Mechanical therapy in the form of scaling and root planning, and in some cases, surgery; removes the bacterial deposits from the tooth surface and shifts the pathogenic microbiota to one compatible with periodontal health. Local delivery systems offer the advantages of high concentrations at the target sites with reduced systemic dosing, fewer applications, lesser side effects, and high potential acceptability. The local delivery system maintains effective intra-pocket levels of antibacterial agents for extended periods of time, so that they can alter subgingival flora and influence the healing of any attachment apparatus.. Locally delivered antimicrobials are designed with the concerned drugs impregnated in a vehicle and available in the form of gels, fibers, chips, polymers or ointments.