Russia's export policy in the gas sector has a significant impact on the country's economy, but in recent years the liberalization and globalization of gas markets has increased the risks in decision-making and threatened Russia's strategic position as the world's largest gas exporter. This forces the search for new approaches to the study of foreign gas markets. This monograph analyzes the development of major foreign natural gas markets on the basis of extensive factual material. Mechanisms of liberalization of foreign gas markets were analyzed and its consequences - increasing price instability, the resulting investment crisis and gas shortage - were identified. The main trends in the evolution of gas markets associated with their expansion and integration, the increasing number of suppliers and increased competition were identified. In addition, the study identifies the main risks in the export of Russian gas at the current stage of development of foreign gas markets. This work will be useful in forecasting long-term conditions on foreign gas markets, as well as in the educational process in the field of international oil and gas business.